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Astrocytic production of nerve growth factor (NGF) is increased during
inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS). Here we show that cell
-cell interaction between primary murine astrocytes and myelin basic
protein (MBP)-specific T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic Th1 and Th2 cells
significantly increased production of NGF. This upregulation was found to
be dependent on antigen recognition. Neutralization of cytokines produced
in cocultures did not affect NGF production. This novel finding suggests
a neuroprotective role of astrocytes during T cell-mediated inflammation
in the CNS.

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